A Critical Reassessment of Kasravi and Shamlu’s Attitude Towards Iran’s Literary Heritage

The classical literary heritage of Iran cannot fairly be reduced to mysticism, fatalism, or irrationality. The Persian intellectual tradition produced poets, philosophers, mathematicians, astronomers, physicians, historians and humanist thinkers whose works addressed science, ethics, politics, justice, human dignity and the nature of knowledge.

Marriage is one of the most important social institutions through which societies organise family formation, reproduction, intergenerational relations and social responsibility. Yet marriage cannot be produced simply through legislation, religious exhortation or restrictions on interaction between men and women. The decision to marry emerges from a complex interaction between economic security, housing, employment, education, gender relations, cultural expectations, personal autonomy, social trust and the perceived benefits and costs of forming a family.

The Ram Hunting Plate is a beautiful artifact from the Sassanid period, housed in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. The plate is beautifully gilded with mercury, silver, and gold, and decorated with black ink, and in a hunting scene that takes us back more than 2,000 years, the Shah of Iran from the Sasanian dynasty, believed to be Bahram V, is majestically and authoritatively hunting rams.

Approximately four millennia ago, the Achaemenid Empire emerged as, according to many historians, thinkers, and philosophers of history, one of the earliest examples of professional governance in human civilisation. The Achaemenids established a model of statecraft based on organised administration, institutional structures, legal frameworks, and a system of governance capable of managing one of the largest and most culturally diverse political entities of the ancient world.

The Achaemenid Empire (c. 550–330 BCE), founded by Cyrus II (Cyrus the Great), governed one of the largest and most diverse political entities of the ancient world. Stretching from the Balkans and Egypt to Central Asia and the Indus Valley, the empire incorporated dozens of ethnic groups, languages, legal traditions, and religions. Rather than attempting to homogenize these populations, the Achaemenids developed a sophisticated administrative framework built upon centralized royal authority, provincial autonomy, bureaucratic professionalism, and respect for local institutions.

The modern food industry has transformed the way people eat. Advances in food science have made it possible to produce foods that last longer, cost less, and are available year-round. These products often contain synthetic ingredients, preservatives, artificial sweeteners, colorings, flavor enhancers, and other food additives. While these innovations have improved food safety and accessibility, concerns have grown about their potential impact on human health, particularly regarding cancer and type 2 diabetes.

Anti-Iranian Convention 2018 Caspian Sea = Complete occupation of the only remaining maritime territory between the occupied land territories of #Turkmanchay (1828 AD), Golestan (1813 AD) and Akhal (1881 AD)!

The Panji observances, according to the ancient Zoroastrian calendar, began on 21th Tir and continued for five days.

Finished in Persian Sand, one of Cadillac's factory colors for 1960, the car becomes especially desirable among collectors. This warm beige-gold metallic shade perfectly complements the extensive chrome trim and gives the massive Cadillac a refined, sophisticated appearance rather than an overly flashy one. Persian Sand was also available as an interior color theme, making it one of the most iconic period-correct combinations.